Gratituos arp is nothing but a arp packets which checks and validates the ip address given to the system is not given for any other system . this is done by sending a arp packet which contains its own ip address , so if a duplicate system is present it responds to it so that it can be corrected
Proxy arp if we know about router converting or routing different netwoks its the same , the router gives its own mac address of the interface without forewarding the broadcast as arp is based on broadcast
arp headers dosent contain any info on protocols such as tcp udp and ip headers so it basically cannot be read by devices which looks for ip headers
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